Federal corporate tax laws

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Federal corporate tax laws.

8 pages

Our Federal corporate tax laws provide numerous incentives intended to promote certain activities, industries and job creation. Some argue that these measures are ineffective while others say that they do not go far enough in stimulating the economy and employment. Four examples of tax incentives offered by the Federal government are: (1) the Credit for Increasing Research Activities (IRC Section 41), (2) the Work Opportunity Tax Credit (IRC Section 51), (3) the Energy Tax Credit (IRC Section 48), and (4) the Domestic Manufacturing Deduction (IRC Section 199).

Carefully review the Grading Rubric for the criteria that will be used to evaluate your assignment.

Eight page requirement

For each of the four above federal corporate tax programs:

  1. Provide an overview of the program citing changes in the legislation since inception.
  2. Analyze the effectiveness of the program in terms of meeting its intended purpose.
  3. Evaluate unintended tax and non-tax consequences of this legislation that have resulted from its passage.

Next, design and describe specific modifications that you would recommend to each of the above-mentioned programs. Evaluate the projected impact of these changes including the effect, if any, to:

  • Gross National Product
  • Unemployment rate
  • Federal tax revenue

Finally, include in your analysis a discussion of the likelihood of passage of these proposed changes taking into account the potential effect of these changes on federal deficit levels and the political process involved in enacting federal tax reform.

Writing the Paper

The  Paper:

  1. Must be eight double-spaced pages in length (not including the title and reference pages) and formatted according to APA style 
  2. Must include a title page 
  3. Must begin with an introductory paragraph that has a succinct thesis statement.
  4. Must address the topic of the paper with critical thought.
  5. Must end with a conclusion that reaffirms your thesis.
  6. Must use at least five scholarly sources
  7. Must document all sources in APA style,
  8. Must include a separate reference page that is formatted according to APA style 
https://www.claconnect.com/services/tax/tax-credit-for-increasing-research-activities
https://www.everycrsreport.com/files/20160314_R43729_a36aacbd3f1d975409494437224a4d35c8e7be54.pdf
https://fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/IF10479.pdf
https://www.everycrsreport.com/reports/R41988.html
https://www.urban.org/research/publication/state-tax-incentives-economic-development
https://digital.lib.washington.edu/researchworks/handle/1773/26029

Federal corporate tax laws

 
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Assignment Two

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Assignment Two.

Assignment Two

Answer the following questions completely and neatly.  All answers must be supported by discussions and/or mathematical procedures.

1.         An Income Consumption Curve is defined as a set of combinations of goods corresponding to constrained utility maximization solutions for different levels of money income, while holding the prices of the goods constant.  Please help Paul with the development of his Income Consumption Curve using the following information.  Paul is the third grader who likes only Twinkies (T) and Orange Slice (S), and these provide him a utility of

Utility = U(T, S) = T0.3S0.7

Assumption # 1:  Twinkies cost $0.10 each and Slice costs $0.35 per can.  Paul spends the $1 his mother gives him in order to maximize his utility.

Assumption # 2:  Paul’s mother increases his allowance to $2 per day.

Assumption # 3:  Paul’s mother increases his allowance to $3 per day.

Label the graph carefully and mark the optimal quantities of T and S on the graph.

Also, derive an indirect utility function for Paul under the assumption that the school has increased the price of Twinkies to $0.25 each.  What is Paul’s compensated demand function?  Use the minimum expenditure function to determine the minimum cost of keeping Paul as happy as he was under assumption # 1.

All answers must be supported by computations and/or graphs.

In your explanation of each concept, identify the variables that are assumed to be constant and those that vary.  In addition, use a hypothetical situation to derive (graph) a Marshallian (uncompensated) demand function and its corresponding Hicksian (compensated) demand function.

2.         Suppose that an individual’s utility for X and Y are represented by the CES function (for δ = -1).

a.         Use the Lagrangian Multiplier Method to calculate the uncompensated demand             function for X and Y for this function.

b.         Show that the demand functions calculated in part (a) are homogeneous of degree zero in PX, PY and I.

c.         How do changes in I or PY shift the demand for good X?

All answers must be supported by computations and/or graphs.

3.         You are given the following information about copper in the United States:

  Situation with Tariff Situation Without Tariff
World Price (delivered in New York) $0.50 per lb $0.50 per lb
Tariff (specific) $0.15 per lb 0
U.S. Domestic Price $0.65 per lb $0.50 per lb
U.S. Consumption 200 million lbs 250 million lbs
U.S. Production 160 million lbs 100 million lbs

Calculate:

  1. The loss to U.S. consumers from the imposition of the tariff.
  2. The gain to U.S. producers from the imposition of the tariff.
  3. The revenue generated by the imposition of the tariff.
  4. The net effect of the imposition of the tariff on the U.S. as a whole.
  5. Use two separate graphs (one for the U.S. copper market and one for the world market) to describe the free-trade equilibrium and the restricted-trade equilibrium in the two markets.

All answers must be supported by computations and/or graphs.

4.         Val has the following utility function: U = U(X1, X2) = 3X10.5X20.5

            Let P1 = $8, P2 = $6, and I = $120.

            Derive the Lagrangian Expression and solve for the first-order conditions.  Use the first-order condition to solve for Val’s utility-maximizing bundle (consumer equilibrium).

All answers must be supported by computations and/or graphs.  You must show your work neatly and completely.

Assignment Two

 
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Global Financial Management

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Global Financial Management.

6 pages 

The most popular way for international expansion is for a local firm to acquire foreign companies. One of the most benefits for international expansion is global distribution capability that helps expanding the market share.

There are different implications of running a company that is within or outside of the European Union. If you were the head of a firm based in the United States, please answer the following questions, providing the rationale behind your answers:

  1. Would you seek to acquire a company within the European Union or outside of it? Why?
  2. Describe the advantages and disadvantages of the choice you made.
  3. Describe the advantages and disadvantages inherent in the option you did not choose.
  4. Explain why an MNC may invest funds in a financial market outside its own country.
  5. Explain why some financial institutions prefer to provide credit in financial markets outside their own country.

Global Financial Management

 
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Assignment One – ECN5402

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Assignment One – ECN5402.

Assignment One – ECN5402

Economists use the economic theory of choice to develop the notion of market demand.  The principle assumption upon which the theory of consumer behavior and demand is built is: a consumer attempts to allocate his/her limited money income among available goods and service so as to maximize his/her utility.

This process requires an in-depth examination of the ways economists model individual preferences, which are usually referred to by the formal term utility.  Spoken words, graphs, and mathematical tools are used to conceptualize utility, which also enable economists to show the various exchanges that individuals are willing to make voluntarily.

            Use both mathematical and intuitive analyses to indicate the insights that the concept of utility maximization provides about economic behavior (utility functions).  Use the model of utility maximization to investigate how individuals will respond to changes in their circumstances (changes in income and market prices).  Use the basic economic theory of consumer choice to determine the location and shape of a demand curve and identify the factors that might cause it to shift to a new position.

This assignment requires a comprehensive analysis of the Theories of Consumer behavior (Choice), the Ordinal Theory of Consumer Choice and the Cardinal Theory of Consumer Choice.  Your responses must cover all the different aspects of the Theories of Consumer Behavior stating with the assumptions of the models and end with the derivation of a Marshallian Demand Curve and a Hicksian Demand Curve.

The length of your discussions should be within fifteen pages long.  Please avoid large fonts (more than 12) .

Assignment One – ECN5402

 
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